 |
| General |
| Name | (Vanadium) |
| Symbol | (V) |
| Number | (23) |
| Group Number | (5) |
| Group | (Transition metals) |
| Block | (d) |
| Density | (5.8 g/cm3) |
| Atomic Weight | (50.9415 g/mol) |
| Atomic Volume | (8.78 cm3/mol) |
| Discover | (1830) |
|
| States |
| State | (Solid) |
| Melting Point | (2183 K) |
| Boiling Point | (1910 K) |
| Triple Point | (Nil) |
| Critical Point | (Nil) |
| Heat of Fusion | (21.5 kJ/mol) |
| Heat of Vaporization | (459 kJ/mol) |
|
| Energies |
| First Ionization Energy | (650.3 kJ/mole) |
| Second Ionization Energy | (1413.5 kJ/mole) |
| Third Ionization Energy | (2828 kJ/mole) |
| Electronegativity | (1.63) |
| Electron Affinity | (50.7 kJ/mole) |
| Specific Heat | (0.49 J/gK) |
| Heat Atomization | (514 kJ/mole atoms) |
|
| Oxidation and Electrons |
| Shells | (2,8,11,2) |
| Electron Configuration | ([Ar] 3d3 4s2) |
| Minimum Oxidation Number | (-1) |
| Maximum Oxidation Number | (5) |
| Minimum Common Oxidation Number | (0) |
| Maximum Common Oxidation Number | (5) |
|
| Appearance and Characteristics |
| Crystal Structure | (cubic body centered) |
| Characteristics | (soft) |
| Color | (bright white) |
| Uses | (tool steel, V2O5 catalyst) |
| Hardness | (mohs) |
| Toxicity | (Yes) |
|
| Reactions |
| Reaction with Air | (mild, w/ht =>V2O5, VN) |
| Reaction with 6M HCl | (None) |
| Reaction with 15M HNO3 | (mild) |
| Reaction with 6M NaOH | (None) |
|
| Other Forms |
| Number of Isotopes | (2) |
| Hydride | (VH VH2) |
| Oxide | (VO V2O3 VO2 V2O5) |
| Chloride | (VCl2 VCl3 VCl4) |
|
| Radius |
| Atomic Radius | (134 pm) |
| Ionic Radius (1+ ion) | (Nil) |
| Ionic Radius (1- ion) | (Nil) |
| Ionic Radius (2+ ion) | (93 pm) |
| Ionic Radius (2- ion) | (Nil) |
| Ionic Radius (3+ ion) | (78 pm) |
|
| Conductivity |
| Thermal Conductivity | (30.7 J/m-sec-deg) |
| Electrical Conductivity | (39.37 1/mohm-cm) |
| Polarizability | (12.4 A3) |
|
| Abundance |
| Source | (U, Pb vanadates (misc)) |
| Relation Abundance Solar System | (2.467 log) |
| Abundance Earths Crust | (2.1 log) |
|
