 |
General |
Name | (Chlorine) |
Symbol | (Cl) |
Number | (17) |
Group Number | (17) |
Group | (Halogen) |
Block | (p) |
Density | (0.003214 g/cm3) |
Atomic Weight | (35.453 g/mol) |
Atomic Volume | (22.7 cm3/mol) |
Discover | (1774) |
|
States |
State | (Gas) |
Melting Point | (171.6 K) |
Boiling Point | (239.11 K) |
Triple Point | (Nil) |
Critical Point | (416.9 K) |
Heat of Fusion | (6.406 kJ/mol) |
Heat of Vaporization | (20.41 kJ/mol) |
|
Energies |
First Ionization Energy | (1251.1 kJ/mole) |
Second Ionization Energy | (2297.3 kJ/mole) |
Third Ionization Energy | (3821.8 kJ/mole) |
Electronegativity | (3.16) |
Electron Affinity | (349 kJ/mole) |
Specific Heat | (0.48 J/gK) |
Heat Atomization | (121 kJ/mole atoms) |
|
Oxidation and Electrons |
Shells | (2,8,7) |
Electron Configuration | ([Ne] 3s2 3p5) |
Minimum Oxidation Number | (-1) |
Maximum Oxidation Number | (7) |
Minimum Common Oxidation Number | (-1) |
Maximum Common Oxidation Number | (7) |
|
Appearance and Characteristics |
Crystal Structure | (orthorhombic) |
Characteristics | (diatomic(Cl2), corrosive) |
Color | (greenish-yellow) |
Uses | (bleach (NaOCl), PVC pipe) |
Hardness | (mohs) |
Toxicity | (Yes) |
|
Reactions |
Reaction with Air | (None) |
Reaction with 6M HCl | (mild, =>HOCl, Cl-) |
Reaction with 15M HNO3 | (mild, =>HClOx, NOxCl, NOx) |
Reaction with 6M NaOH | (mild, =>OCl-, Cl-) |
|
Other Forms |
Number of Isotopes | (2) |
Hydride | (HCl) |
Oxide | (Cl2O ClO2 Cl2O7) |
Chloride | (Cl2) |
|
Radius |
Atomic Radius | (100 pm) |
Ionic Radius (1+ ion) | (Nil) |
Ionic Radius (1- ion) | (167 pm) |
Ionic Radius (2+ ion) | (Nil) |
Ionic Radius (2- ion) | (Nil) |
Ionic Radius (3+ ion) | (Nil) |
|
Conductivity |
Thermal Conductivity | (0.01 J/m-sec-deg) |
Electrical Conductivity | (0 1/mohm-cm) |
Polarizability | (2.2 A3) |
|
Abundance |
Source | (Halite, brine (misc)) |
Relation Abundance Solar System | (3.719 log) |
Abundance Earths Crust | (2.1 log) |
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