 |
| General |
| Name | Zinc |
| Symbol | Zn |
| Number | 30 |
| Group Number | 12 |
| Group | Transition metals |
| Block | d |
| Density | 7.14 g/cm3 |
| Atomic Weight | 65.38 g/mol |
| Atomic Volume | 9.2 cm3/mol |
| Discover | 1600 |
|
| States |
| State | Solid |
| Melting Point | 692.68 K |
| Boiling Point | 1180 K |
| Triple Point | Nil |
| Critical Point | Nil |
| Heat of Fusion | 7.32 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 123.6 kJ/mol |
|
| Energies |
| First Ionization Energy | 906.4 kJ/mole |
| Second Ionization Energy | 1733.2 kJ/mole |
| Third Ionization Energy | 3832.6 kJ/mole |
| Electronegativity | 1.65 |
| Electron Affinity | Nil |
| Specific Heat | 0.39 J/gK |
| Heat Atomization | 131 kJ/mole atoms |
|
| Oxidation and Electrons |
| Shells | 2,8,18,2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Ar] 3d10 4s2 |
| Minimum Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Oxidation Number | 2 |
| Minimum Common Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Common Oxidation Number | 2 |
|
| Appearance and Characteristics |
| Crystal Structure | hexagonal |
| Characteristics | brittle |
| Color | silvery |
| Uses | batteries, galvanizing |
| Hardness | 2.5 mohs |
| Toxicity | None |
|
| Reactions |
| Reaction with Air | vigorous, =>ZnO |
| Reaction with 6M HCl | mild, =>H2, ZnCl2 |
| Reaction with 15M HNO3 | vigorous, =>Zn(NO3)2, NOx |
| Reaction with 6M NaOH | mild, =>[Zn(OH)4](2-), H2 |
|
| Other Forms |
| Number of Isotopes | 5 |
| Hydride | ZnH2 |
| Oxide | ZnO |
| Chloride | ZnCl2 |
|
| Radius |
| Atomic Radius | 134 pm |
| Ionic Radius (1+ ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (1- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (2+ ion) | 88 pm |
| Ionic Radius (2- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (3+ ion) | Nil |
|
| Conductivity |
| Thermal Conductivity | 116 J/m-sec-deg |
| Electrical Conductivity | 169.033 1/mohm-cm |
| Polarizability | 6.4 A3 |
|
| Abundance |
| Source | Sphalerite (sulfide) |
| Relation Abundance Solar System | 3.100 log |
| Abundance Earth's Crust | 1.79 log |
|
