 |
| General |
| Name | Terbium |
| Symbol | Tb |
| Number | 65 |
| Group Number | NA |
| Group | Rare Earth, Lanthanides |
| Block | f |
| Density | 8.27 g/cm3 |
| Atomic Weight | 158.9254 g/mol |
| Atomic Volume | 19.2 cm3/mol |
| Discover | 1843 |
|
| States |
| State | Solid |
| Melting Point | 1629 K |
| Boiling Point | 3503 K |
| Triple Point | Nil |
| Critical Point | Nil |
| Heat of Fusion | 10.15 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 293 kJ/mol |
|
| Energies |
| First Ionization Energy | 564.7 kJ/mole |
| Second Ionization Energy | 1112 kJ/mole |
| Third Ionization Energy | 2114 kJ/mole |
| Electronegativity | 1.21 |
| Electron Affinity | 50 kJ/mole |
| Specific Heat | 0.18 J/gK |
| Heat Atomization | 389 kJ/mole atoms |
|
| Oxidation and Electrons |
| Shells | 2,8,18,27,8,2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Xe] 4f9 6s2 |
| Minimum Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Oxidation Number | 4 |
| Minimum Common Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Common Oxidation Number | 3 |
|
| Appearance and Characteristics |
| Crystal Structure | hexagonal |
| Characteristics | soft |
| Color | silvery-white |
| Uses | alloys |
| Hardness | Nil |
| Toxicity | None |
|
| Reactions |
| Reaction with Air | vigorous, =>Tb4O7 (approx.) |
| Reaction with 6M HCl | mild, =>H2, TbCl3 |
| Reaction with 15M HNO3 | mild, =>Tb(NO3)3 |
| Reaction with 6M NaOH | None |
|
| Other Forms |
| Number of Isotopes | 1 |
| Hydride | TbH2 TbH3 |
| Oxide | TbO2 Tb4O7 |
| Chloride | TbCl3 |
|
| Radius |
| Atomic Radius | 177 pm |
| Ionic Radius (1+ ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (1- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (2+ ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (2- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (3+ ion) | 106.3 pm |
|
| Conductivity |
| Thermal Conductivity | 11.1 J/m-sec-deg |
| Electrical Conductivity | 8.8 1/mohm-cm |
| Polarizability | 25.5 A3 |
|
| Abundance |
| Source | Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite |
| Relation Abundance Solar System | -1.220 log |
| Abundance Earth's Crust | 0 log |
|
