 |
| General |
| Name | Rubidium |
| Symbol | Rb |
| Number | 37 |
| Group Number | 1 |
| Group | Alkali metals |
| Block | s |
| Density | 1.53 g/cm3 |
| Atomic Weight | 85.467 g/mol |
| Atomic Volume | 55.9 cm3/mol |
| Discover | 1861 |
|
| States |
| State | Solid |
| Melting Point | 312.46 K |
| Boiling Point | 961 K |
| Triple Point | Nil |
| Critical Point | 2093 K |
| Heat of Fusion | 2.19 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 75.77 kJ/mol |
|
| Energies |
| First Ionization Energy | 403 kJ/mole |
| Second Ionization Energy | 2632.1 kJ/mole |
| Third Ionization Energy | 3859.4 kJ/mole |
| Electronegativity | 0.82 |
| Electron Affinity | 46.885 kJ/mole |
| Specific Heat | 0.363 J/gK |
| Heat Atomization | 86 kJ/mole atoms |
|
| Oxidation and Electrons |
| Shells | 2,8,18,8,1 |
| Electron Configuration | [Kr] 5s1 |
| Minimum Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Oxidation Number | 1 |
| Minimum Common Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Common Oxidation Number | 1 |
|
| Appearance and Characteristics |
| Crystal Structure | cubic body centered |
| Characteristics | soft |
| Color | silvery-white |
| Uses | photocells |
| Hardness | 0.3 mohs |
| Toxicity | None |
|
| Reactions |
| Reaction with Air | vigorous, =>RbO2 |
| Reaction with 6M HCl | vigorous, =>H2, RbCl |
| Reaction with 15M HNO3 | vigorous,=>RbNO3, H2, NOx |
| Reaction with 6M NaOH | vigorous, =>H2, RbOH |
|
| Other Forms |
| Number of Isotopes | 2 |
| Hydride | RbH |
| Oxide | Rb2O |
| Chloride | RbCl |
|
| Radius |
| Atomic Radius | 248 pm |
| Ionic Radius (1+ ion) | 166 pm |
| Ionic Radius (1- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (2+ ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (2- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (3+ ion) | Nil |
|
| Conductivity |
| Thermal Conductivity | 58.2 J/m-sec-deg |
| Electrical Conductivity | 77.9 1/mohm-cm |
| Polarizability | 47.3 A3 |
|
| Abundance |
| Source | Li extractn by-product |
| Relation Abundance Solar System | 0.851 log |
| Abundance Earth's Crust | 2 log |
|
