H I O X   CALCULATOR & CONVERTER  , calculate and convert online. Free Math calculation tools
Germanium Element Properties, Metal, Carbon group Group, Periodic Table of the Elements

Calculators and Converters
Basic/Scientific Calculator
Math Calci
Numbers
Statistics
Trigonometry
Analytical Geometry
Algebra
Date & Day Calculator
Matrix Calculations
Mortgage Calculator
Unit Conversions
Love Calculator
Health Calculator
Bandwidth Calculator
Hexa, Decimal, Binary Conversions
Physics Calculators
Chemistry Calculators
Periodic Table
Weather Calculator
HEX Color Converter
Html Color (RGB to HEX)
Funny Math
Puzzles
Zodiac Sign

Register for updates
Feedback / Issues



Useful Links
Web Hosting
Scripts and Tutorials
Picture and Jokes
Free Games





Germanium

Germanium Element Properties

p31
Ga
Gallium
p32
Ge
Germanium
p33
As
Arsenic
General
NameGermanium
SymbolGe
Number32
Group Number14
GroupMetal, Carbon group
Blockp
Density5.323 g/cm3
Atomic Weight72.59 g/mol
Atomic Volume13.6 cm3/mol
Discover1886


States
StateSolid
Melting Point1211.40 K
Boiling Point3106 K
Triple PointNil
Critical PointNil
Heat of Fusion36.94 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization334 kJ/mol


Energies
First Ionization Energy762.1 kJ/mole
Second Ionization Energy1537.4 kJ/mole
Third Ionization Energy3301.7 kJ/mole
Electronegativity2.01
Electron Affinity120 kJ/mole
Specific Heat0.32 J/gK
Heat Atomization377 kJ/mole atoms


Oxidation and Electrons
Shells2,8,18,4
Electron Configuration[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2
Minimum Oxidation Number-4
Maximum Oxidation Number4
Minimum Common Oxidation Number-4
Maximum Common Oxidation Number4


Appearance and Characteristics
Crystal StructureFace-centered cubic
Characteristicssemimetal, brittle
Colorgray-black
Usestransistor, wide-ang lens
Hardnessmohs
ToxicityNone


Reactions
Reaction with Airmild, w/ht =>GeO2
Reaction with 6M HClNone
Reaction with 15M HNO3mild, =>Ge(IV), NOx
Reaction with 6M NaOHNone


Other Forms
Number of Isotopes5
HydrideGeH4 Ge2H6 + more
OxideGeO GeO2
ChlorideGeCl2 GeCl4


Radius
Atomic Radius122.3 pm
Ionic Radius (1+ ion)Nil
Ionic Radius (1- ion)Nil
Ionic Radius (2+ ion)87 pm
Ionic Radius (2- ion)Nil
Ionic Radius (3+ ion)Nil


Conductivity
Thermal Conductivity60.2 J/m-sec-deg
Electrical Conductivity0 1/mohm-cm
Polarizability6.1 A3


Abundance
SourceZn smelting by-product
Relation Abundance Solar System2.076 log
Abundance Earth's Crust0.7 log


p31
Ga
Gallium
p32
Ge
Germanium
p33
As
Arsenic




FREE Online Mathematics tools (convertor or calculater) are intended to make the calculation and conversion of math or logical or arithmetic problems and give simple solutions. These mathematics tools will also help you in learning and creating math problems. These are free tools, tutorials and are copyright materials.
If you find any error or issue in calculating maths or converting things, please get in touch with us @ support@easycalculation.com

Convert and Calculate - Maths Calculation and Conversion - An easy learning curve.

This is a copyright product of © HIOX