 |
| General |
| Name | Cerium |
| Symbol | Ce |
| Number | 58 |
| Group Number | NA |
| Group | Rare Earth, Lanthanide series |
| Block | f |
| Density | 6.78 g/cm3 |
| Atomic Weight | 140.12 g/mol |
| Atomic Volume | 20.67 cm3/mol |
| Discover | 1803 |
|
| States |
| State | Solid |
| Melting Point | 1068 K |
| Boiling Point | 3716 K |
| Triple Point | Nil |
| Critical Point | Nil |
| Heat of Fusion | 5.46 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 398 kJ/mol |
|
| Energies |
| First Ionization Energy | 527.4 kJ/mole |
| Second Ionization Energy | 1047 kJ/mole |
| Third Ionization Energy | 1949 kJ/mole |
| Electronegativity | 1.12 |
| Electron Affinity | 50 kJ/mole |
| Specific Heat | 0.19 J/gK |
| Heat Atomization | 419 kJ/mole atoms |
|
| Oxidation and Electrons |
| Shells | 2,8,18,20,8,2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Xe] 4f2 6s2 |
| Minimum Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Oxidation Number | 4 |
| Minimum Common Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Common Oxidation Number | 4 |
|
| Appearance and Characteristics |
| Crystal Structure | cubic face centered |
| Characteristics | malleable |
| Color | silvery-white |
| Uses | self-cleaning ovens(CeO2) |
| Hardness | Nil |
| Toxicity | None |
|
| Reactions |
| Reaction with Air | vigorous, w/ht =>CeO2 |
| Reaction with 6M HCl | vigorous, =>H2, CeCl3 |
| Reaction with 15M HNO3 | mild, =>Ce(NO3)3 |
| Reaction with 6M NaOH | None |
|
| Other Forms |
| Number of Isotopes | 4 |
| Hydride | CeH2 CeH3 |
| Oxide | Ce2O3 CeO2 |
| Chloride | CeCl3 |
|
| Radius |
| Atomic Radius | 182 pm |
| Ionic Radius (1+ ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (1- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (2+ ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (2- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (3+ ion) | 115 pm |
|
| Conductivity |
| Thermal Conductivity | 11.3 J/m-sec-deg |
| Electrical Conductivity | 13.333 1/mohm-cm |
| Polarizability | 29.6 A3 |
|
| Abundance |
| Source | Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite |
| Relation Abundance Solar System | 0.055 log |
| Abundance Earth's Crust | 1.8 log |
|
