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Barium Element Properties, Alkali earth metals Group, Periodic Table of the Elements

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Barium

Barium Element Properties

s55
Cs
Caesium
s56
Ba
Barium
f57
La
Lanthanum
General
NameBarium
SymbolBa
Number56
Group Number2
GroupAlkali earth metals
Blocks
Density3.51 g/cm3
Atomic Weight137.33 g/mol
Atomic Volume39.24 cm3/mol
Discover1808


States
StateSolid
Melting Point1000 K
Boiling Point2170 K
Triple PointNil
Critical PointNil
Heat of Fusion7.12 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization140.3 kJ/mol


Energies
First Ionization Energy502.9 kJ/mole
Second Ionization Energy965.2 kJ/mole
Third Ionization EnergyNil
Electronegativity0.89
Electron AffinityNil
Specific Heat0.204 J/gK
Heat Atomization180 kJ/mole atoms


Oxidation and Electrons
Shells2,8,18,18,8,2
Electron Configuration[Xe] 6s2
Minimum Oxidation Number0
Maximum Oxidation Number2
Minimum Common Oxidation Number0
Maximum Common Oxidation Number2


Appearance and Characteristics
Crystal Structurecubic body centered
Characteristicssoft
Colorsilvery-white
UsesX-ray imaging agnt(BaSO4)
HardnessNil
ToxicityNone


Reactions
Reaction with Airvigorous,wt/ht=>BaO,Ba2N3
Reaction with 6M HClvigorous, =>H2, BaCl2
Reaction with 15M HNO3mild, =>Ba(NO3)2
Reaction with 6M NaOHpassivated


Other Forms
Number of Isotopes7
HydrideBaH2
OxideBaO
ChlorideBaCl2


Radius
Atomic Radius222 pm
Ionic Radius (1+ ion)Nil
Ionic Radius (1- ion)Nil
Ionic Radius (2+ ion)149 pm
Ionic Radius (2- ion)Nil
Ionic Radius (3+ ion)Nil


Conductivity
Thermal Conductivity18.4 J/m-sec-deg
Electrical ConductivityNil
Polarizability39.7 A3


Abundance
SourceBarite (sulfate)
Relation Abundance Solar System0.652 log
Abundance Earth's Crust2.6 log


s55
Cs
Caesium
s56
Ba
Barium
f57
La
Lanthanum




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